Dating back to 43 CE, the City of London is as well known for its history as it is for its vibrant nightlife and stunning manmade architecture. With stories from World War II to Romans and renowned scientists, there are so many historic sites in London to see.
Thankfully, the capital’s thriving tourist scene plays host to these stories in the form of tours, cultural days out and immersive travel experiences. Whether it’s an ancient ruin or a remodelled museum, we’ve gathered a list of historical places to visit in London. Go back in time through 2,000 years of history with castles, landmarks and more.
How many historical sites are in London?
From Buckingham Palace to the Tower of London, the city has hundreds of historical sites to choose from. If you’re a nature fan, there are 28 conservation areas within the Square Mile, expanding to up to 1,000 in Greater London. Explore green spaces and royal parks throughout every corner.
British history also comes to life with 600 listed buildings, including the Palace of Westminster and Nelson’s Column. For a real trip back in time, explore any one of the 48 scheduled ancient monuments, including the Bloody Tower.
Medieval sites
Historic sites in London can take you back to the age of William the Conqueror, former King of England and founder of the Tower of London. This incredible structure was built in 1066 and played a role as a royal palace, treasury, prison and execution site. Look out for ‘Traitor’s Gate’ where hardened criminals would pass through before they met their demise. Take a guided tour through the tower to see the Crown Jewels in all their finery.
Fast forward to 1269 and you have the origin of Westminster Abbey. Today, it’s recognised as a World Heritage Site and has been the setting of choice for many famous weddings and burials, including William and Catherine’s nuptials in 2011, and Queen Elizabeth I’s resting place. Other famous figures buried there include 19th century biologist Charles Darwin and 17th century scientist Sir Isaac Newton.
Head down the river Thames and you’ll find another royal residence, Hampton Court Palace. This world-famous Tudor structure was the main living quarters for King Henry VIII, known for its stunning parks, gardens and mazes.
Roman sites and ruins
The mark the Romans left on London still remains today, notably in the form of walls and monuments. The London Mithraeum was discovered during an archaeological dig prior to the build of the Bloomberg building in 2017. Today, it can be appreciated in all its glory, a temple honouring Mithras, the god of soldiers. There are also Roman-era inscribed wooden writing tablets which are today known as the Bloomberg tablets.
Many UK cities still have freestanding Roman walls, and London is no exception. A walking tour from Blackfriars to the Tower of London will cover key areas of this perimeter wall, dating back to AD 190 and 220. For the best views, head to Cooper’s Row near Fenchurch Street.
Former Roman Catholic church St Bartholomew the Great can be found near Farringdon. Dating back to 1123, this Grade 1 listed building has stood the test of time, including King Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1543. It’s just one of the incredible historic sites in London to have survived such devastation as the Blitz and even the Great Fire of London.
Grand churches and cathedrals
With more than 50 in the city alone, churches and cathedrals are one of the top historical places to visit in London. Southwark Cathedral is an awe-inspiring example of gothic architecture dating back to the 12th century. Today, it features homages to William Shakespeare and Elizabethan dramatists. It even housed a famous cat, who became a favourite of visitors such as Queen Elizabeth II!
St Paul’s Cathedral is an icon within the London skyline, and while it’s great to look at from below, can offer even better perspectives of the city from inside. Designed by Sir Christopher Wren, construction was completed in 1710. Climb to the sixth floor and gaze out over such landmarks as the Shard and the Gherkin. Another of London’s must-see historic building, it too has held its own special celebrations, including the wedding of Charles and Diana.
World War sites
London played a huge part in the Second World War, and a stroll down Whitehall will give you views of some of the most important government buildings today. Head to the Ministry of Defence, where you can learn more about Churchill’s War Rooms. These served as the Prime Minister’s headquarters during the war, and even feature Churchill’s famous bunker. Explore the Cabinet War Rooms to learn more about military strategy.
Close to London Bridge (not to be confused with Tower Bridge) you’ll find the HMS Belfast. This museum ship holds relics from both WWII and the Korean War, giving you a historical overview of the Royal Navy during times of conflict.
Keep your finger on the pulse for other WWII exhibits at the Imperial War Museum. Just a short walk from landmarks such as the Houses of Parliament, it provides a thought-provoking learning opportunity.
Hidden gem historic landmarks
London’s historic sites also include lesser known structures and museums. With strong connections to the royal family, the Jewel Tower was built in 1365. It housed Edward III’s treasures and was known as ‘The King’s Privy Wardrobe’. You can find it across the road from the Houses of Parliament, home to the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Visit on the hour and hear Big Ben chime!
Close to Borough Market is the Clink Prison Museum. Here you’ll discover the gruesome history of justice in Britain, including world-famous criminals and terrifying torture methods. Explore 12th century punishment right next to the River Thames.
For something a little lighter, Leadenhall Market provides some much-needed retail therapy. Though today it’s a hub of commerce, featuring food, fashion and gifts, it dates all the way back to the 14th century. Its charming covered and outdoor boutiques are often featured on film sets, and you can even take a Harry Potter tour.
See the best historic sites in London with Clermont
From Anne Boleyn to Queen Victoria, White Tower to war memorials, there are so many historic sites to see in London. Many can be found within the Square Mile, so you’re never far from Tower ravens or Beefeaters. After a long day’s exploring the sites, take a well-earned rest at our Victoria or Charing Cross Clermont hotels.